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A review of key technologies for long-endurance unmanned aerial vehicle

XIANG Jinwu1,2, KAN Zi2, SHAO Haoyuan2, LI Huadong2, DONG Xin2, LI Daochun2

(1.Institute of Unmanned System， Beihang University， Beijing 100083， China；2.School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering， Beihang University， Beijing 100083， China)

Abstract: To investigate the development trends and challenges of long-endurance unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), the research status of key technologies were analyzed and summarized. Long-endurance UAV has extensive application prospects because of its characteristics of high flight height, long operation time, and wide operation coverage. First, the representative long-endurance UAVs in the world were classified based on conventional power and new energy power, and the development history of long-endurance UAV was reviewed. Based on the demand of high lift, high lift-drag ratio, and moderate stall aerodynamic characteristics of long-endurance UAV, the large flexibility of high-aspect-ratio composite wing, and the complex mission environment of long-endurance UAV, the key technologies were analyzed, including high efficiency aerodynamic integrated design technology, aeroelastic analysis of high-aspect-ratio wing and active control technology, aeroelastic tailoring technology, flexible flight dynamics modeling and control technology, and autonomous navigation technology, etc. Finally, combined with the development situations of foreign long-endurance UAV, suggestions for the development of long-endurance UAV in China were put forward. Research shows that the conventional power long-endurance UAV has been widely used, while the new energy power long-endurance UAV is still in the prototype development stage. Technologies applied on the ultra-long-endurance UAV which has a duration of more than a week have become the focus of attention. The intelligence, collaboration, and network security of long-endurance UAV systems will be the main development directions in the future.